path: root/src/main.c

#include "glad.h"
#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#include "shorthand.h"
#include "bd-font.c"

#define TEXT_OVERLAY_SIZE 4

static char text[2048];
static u32 text_n = 0;

//
// Callbacks.
//

void
glfw_error_callback(int error, const char* description) {
    (void)error;
    fprintf(stderr, "error: %s\n", description);
}

void
glfw_key_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int key, int scancode, int action, int mods) {
    (void)mods;
    (void)scancode;
    if (action == GLFW_PRESS &&
            (key == GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE || key == GLFW_KEY_CAPS_LOCK)) {
        glfwSetWindowShouldClose(window, GLFW_TRUE);
    }
}

void
glfw_text_callback(GLFWwindow* window, unsigned int codepoint) {
    (void)window;
    text[text_n++] = codepoint;
}

// Letter for a the monospace text overlay layer.
struct Letter {
    f32 x;
    f32 y;
    f32 idx;
};

typedef struct Context {
    GLFWwindow *window;
    u32 gl_version_major;
    u32 gl_version_minor;
    s32 win_width;
    s32 win_height;
    char win_title[256];
    bool win_resizable;

    struct {
        f64 prev;
        f64 elapsed;
        size_t n_frames;
    } frame_time;

    struct {
        u32 program;
        u32 tex_id;
        u32 vao;
        u32 vbo;
        u32 ebo;

        struct Letter letters[2048];
        u32 cur_x;
        u32 cur_y;
        u32 n_chars;
        u32 size;
    } text_overlay;
} Context;

u32
compile_program(Context *ctx, const char *vert_src, const char *frag_src) {
    // Compile vertex shader.
    u32 vert_shader = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
    {
        glShaderSource(vert_shader, 1, &vert_src, NULL);
        glCompileShader(vert_shader);
        int success = 0;
        glGetShaderiv(vert_shader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &success);
        if (!success) {
            fprintf(stderr, "error: vertex shader compilation failed\n");
            glfwDestroyWindow(ctx->window);
            glfwTerminate();
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
    }

    // Compile fragment shader.
    u32 frag_shader = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
    {
        glShaderSource(frag_shader, 1, &frag_src, NULL);
        glCompileShader(frag_shader);
        int success = 0;
        glGetShaderiv(vert_shader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &success);
        if (!success) {
            fprintf(stderr, "error: fragment shader compilation failed\n");
            glfwDestroyWindow(ctx->window);
            glfwTerminate();
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
    }

    // Link shader program.
    u32 program = glCreateProgram();
    {
        glAttachShader(program, vert_shader);
        glAttachShader(program, frag_shader);
        glLinkProgram(program);
        int success = 0;
        glGetProgramiv(program, GL_LINK_STATUS, &success);
        if(!success) {
            fprintf(stderr, "error: program shader linking failed\n");
            glfwDestroyWindow(ctx->window);
            glfwTerminate();
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
    }

    // Delete unused objects.
    glDeleteShader(vert_shader);
    glDeleteShader(frag_shader);
    return program;
}

void
init_context(Context *ctx) {
    if (!glfwInit()) {
        fprintf(stderr, "error: GLFW initialization failed");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    // Init window and OpenGL context.
    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, ctx->gl_version_major);
    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, ctx->gl_version_minor);
    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE);
    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_FORWARD_COMPAT, GL_TRUE);
    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_RESIZABLE, ctx->win_resizable);
    GLFWwindow* window = glfwCreateWindow(
        ctx->win_width, ctx->win_height, ctx->win_title, NULL, NULL);
    if (!window) {
        fprintf(stderr, "error: couldn't open OpenGL window");
        glfwTerminate();
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    // Enable current OpenGL context and init GLAD.
    glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);
    if (!gladLoadGLLoader((GLADloadproc)glfwGetProcAddress)) {
        fprintf(stderr, "error: GLAD initialization failed");
        glfwDestroyWindow(window);
        glfwTerminate();
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    ctx->window = window;
}

static inline u32
unpack_nibble(u8 hex) {
    const u32 conversion_u32[16] = {
        0x00000000, 0x00000001, 0x00000100, 0x00000101,
        0x00010000, 0x00010001, 0x00010100, 0x00010101,
        0x01000000, 0x01000001, 0x01000100, 0x01000101,
        0x01010000, 0x01010001, 0x01010100, 0x01010101,
    };
    return conversion_u32[hex & 0x0F];
}

// Unpack N tiles packed at 1bpp.
static inline void
unpack_letter(const u32 *src, u32 *dst) {
    *dst++ = unpack_nibble((src[1] >> 0)  & 0x0F);
    *dst++ = unpack_nibble((src[1] >> 4)  & 0x0F);
    *dst++ = unpack_nibble((src[1] >> 8)  & 0x0F);
    *dst++ = unpack_nibble((src[1] >> 12) & 0x0F);
    *dst++ = unpack_nibble((src[1] >> 16) & 0x0F);
    *dst++ = unpack_nibble((src[1] >> 20) & 0x0F);
    *dst++ = unpack_nibble((src[1] >> 24) & 0x0F);
    *dst++ = unpack_nibble((src[1] >> 28) & 0x0F);
    *dst++ = unpack_nibble((src[0] >> 0)  & 0x0F);
    *dst++ = unpack_nibble((src[0] >> 4)  & 0x0F);
    *dst++ = unpack_nibble((src[0] >> 8)  & 0x0F);
    *dst++ = unpack_nibble((src[0] >> 12) & 0x0F);
    *dst++ = unpack_nibble((src[0] >> 16) & 0x0F);
    *dst++ = unpack_nibble((src[0] >> 20) & 0x0F);
    *dst++ = unpack_nibble((src[0] >> 24) & 0x0F);
    *dst++ = unpack_nibble((src[0] >> 28) & 0x0F);
}

void
init_debug_overlay(Context *ctx) {
    // Prepare quad rendering.
    f32 vertices[] = {
        // position    // tex_coords
         1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f, 1.0f,
         1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f, 0.0f,
        -1.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f, 0.0f,
        -1.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,
    };
    GLuint indices[] = {
        0, 1, 3,
        1, 2, 3
    };

    // Vertex array object.
    glGenVertexArrays(1, &ctx->text_overlay.vao);
    glBindVertexArray(ctx->text_overlay.vao);

    // Vertex buffer object setup.
    u32 vbo;
    glGenBuffers(1, &vbo);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo);
    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertices), vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
    glVertexAttribPointer(0, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 4 * sizeof(f32), (void*)0);
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);
    glVertexAttribPointer(1, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 4 * sizeof(f32), (void*)(2 * sizeof(f32)));

    glGenBuffers(1, &ctx->text_overlay.vbo);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, ctx->text_overlay.vbo);
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(2);
    glVertexAttribPointer(2, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 3 * sizeof(f32), (void*)0);
    glVertexAttribDivisor(2, 1);

    // Element buffer object setup.
    glGenBuffers(1, &ctx->text_overlay.ebo);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, ctx->text_overlay.ebo);
    glBufferData(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(indices), indices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);

    // Unpack texture atlas.
    u8 texture[256 * 8 * 8] = {0};
    for (size_t i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
        unpack_letter(&bd_font[i * 2], (u32*)&texture[i * 8 * 8]);
    }

    // Create texture for text.
    glGenTextures(1, &ctx->text_overlay.tex_id);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, ctx->text_overlay.tex_id);
    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0,
            GL_R8,
            8,            // Width
            256 * 8,      // Height
            0, GL_RED,
            GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, &texture);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);

    // Unbind objects to avoid accidental modifications.
    glBindVertexArray(0);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);

    // TODO: Store the shaders as separate files for easier editing.
    const char* vert_src =
"#version 330 core\n"
"layout (location = 0) in vec2 position;\n"
"layout (location = 1) in vec2 tex_coords;\n"
"layout (location = 2) in vec3 offset;\n"
"out vec2 tex;\n"

"uniform float w;\n"
"uniform float h;\n"
"uniform float size;\n"

"void main() {\n"
"    float N = 256;\n"
"    float idx = offset.z;\n"
"    float m = 1.0 / N;\n"
"    float k = m * idx;\n"

// TODO: Only 8x8 monospace fonts for now
"    float font_w = 8;\n"
"    float font_h = 8;\n"

// NOTE: This makes sures that the fonts have the right size.
"    vec2 scalar = vec2(font_w / w, font_h / h) * size;\n"

"    vec2 pos = tex_coords * scalar;\n"
"    pos += vec2(0.0, 1.0 - scalar.y);\n"
"    pos += scalar * offset.xy;\n"
"    pos = mix(vec2(-1.0), vec2(1.0), pos);\n"
"    gl_Position = vec4(pos, 0.0, 1.0);\n"
"    tex = tex_coords * vec2(1.0, m) + vec2(0.0, k);\n"
"}";

    // Fragment shader.
    const char* frag_src =
"#version 330 core\n"
"in vec2 tex;\n"
"out vec4 frag;\n"
"uniform usampler2D tex_sampler;\n"
"void main() {\n"
"    uint val = texture(tex_sampler, tex).r;\n"
"    frag = vec4(val, val, val, 1.0);\n"
"}\n";

    ctx->text_overlay.program = compile_program(ctx, vert_src, frag_src);
    ctx->text_overlay.cur_x = 0;
    ctx->text_overlay.cur_y = 0;
    ctx->text_overlay.n_chars = 0;
    ctx->text_overlay.size = TEXT_OVERLAY_SIZE;
}

void
setup_callbacks(Context *ctx) {
    glfwSetErrorCallback(glfw_error_callback);
    glfwSetKeyCallback(ctx->window, glfw_key_callback);
    glfwSetCharCallback(ctx->window, glfw_text_callback);
}

void
update_frame_time(Context *ctx) {
    // Measure frame times and fps.
    f64 cur_time = glfwGetTime();
    f64 delta_time = cur_time - ctx->frame_time.prev;
    ctx->frame_time.elapsed += delta_time;
    ctx->frame_time.n_frames++;
    if (ctx->frame_time.elapsed >= 1.0) {
        f64 fps = 0;
        fps = ctx->frame_time.n_frames / ctx->frame_time.elapsed;
        ctx->frame_time.elapsed = 0;
        ctx->frame_time.n_frames = 0;

        // Update title with timing data.
        char title_buf[256 * 2];
        sprintf(title_buf,
                "%s [%.2fms, %.2f FPS]",
                ctx->win_title, delta_time * 1000, fps);
        glfwSetWindowTitle(ctx->window, title_buf);
    }
    ctx->frame_time.prev = cur_time;
}

void
clear_text(Context *ctx) {
    ctx->text_overlay.cur_x = 0;
    ctx->text_overlay.cur_y = 0;
    ctx->text_overlay.n_chars = 0;
}

void
add_text(Context *ctx, char *txt) {
    while (*txt != '\0') {
        if (*txt == '\n') {
            ctx->text_overlay.cur_x = 0;
            ctx->text_overlay.cur_y++;
            txt++;
            continue;
        }
        ctx->text_overlay.letters[ctx->text_overlay.n_chars].x = ctx->text_overlay.cur_x++;
        ctx->text_overlay.letters[ctx->text_overlay.n_chars].y = ctx->text_overlay.cur_y;
        ctx->text_overlay.letters[ctx->text_overlay.n_chars].idx = *txt++;
        ctx->text_overlay.n_chars++;
    }
}

void
update_text(Context *ctx) {
    clear_text(ctx);
    add_text(ctx, text);

    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, ctx->text_overlay.vbo);
    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER,
            sizeof(struct Letter) * ctx->text_overlay.n_chars,
            ctx->text_overlay.letters,
            GL_STATIC_DRAW);
}

void
update(Context *ctx) {
    update_frame_time(ctx);
    update_text(ctx);
}

void
render(Context *ctx) {
    glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);

    glfwGetFramebufferSize(ctx->window, &ctx->win_width, &ctx->win_height);
    glViewport(0, 0, ctx->win_width, ctx->win_height);

    glUseProgram(ctx->text_overlay.program);
    glBindVertexArray(ctx->text_overlay.vao);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, ctx->text_overlay.tex_id);

    // Update uniforms.
    glUniform1f(glGetUniformLocation(ctx->text_overlay.program, "w"), ctx->win_width);
    glUniform1f(glGetUniformLocation(ctx->text_overlay.program, "h"), ctx->win_height);
    glUniform1f(glGetUniformLocation(ctx->text_overlay.program, "size"), ctx->text_overlay.size);

    // TODO: Which blend mode to use?
    // glEnable(GL_BLEND);
    // glBlendFunc(GL_ONE, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
    // // glBlendFunc(GL_ONE, GL_ONE);
    // // glBlendFunc(GL_DST_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_DST_ALPHA);
    // // glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE);
    // // glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
    // // glBlendFunc(GL_ONE, GL_ZERO);
    // // glBlendFuncSeparate(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
    // // glBlendFunc(GL_DST_ALPHA,GL_ONE);
    // // glBlendFunc(GL_DST_ALPHA, GL_SRC_ALPHA);
    // // glBlendFunc(GL_DST_ALPHA, GL_DST_ALPHA);
    // // glBlendFunc(GL_DST_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_DST_ALPHA);
    // // glBlendEquation(GL_FUNC_ADD);
    //
    glDrawElementsInstanced(GL_TRIANGLES, 6, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0,
        ctx->text_overlay.n_chars);
    // glDisable(GL_BLEND);

    glfwSwapBuffers(ctx->window);
}

int
main(void) {

    //
    // Initialization.
    //

    Context ctx = (Context){
        .gl_version_major = 3,
        .gl_version_minor = 2,
        .win_width = 800,
        .win_height = 600,
        .win_title = "OpenGL experiments",
    };
    init_context(&ctx);
    setup_callbacks(&ctx);
    init_debug_overlay(&ctx);

    //
    // Main loop.
    //

    ctx.frame_time.prev = glfwGetTime();
    ctx.frame_time.elapsed = 0;
    ctx.frame_time.n_frames = 0;
    while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(ctx.window)) {
        update(&ctx);
        render(&ctx);
        glfwPollEvents(); // constant updates.
        // glfwWaitEvents(); // updates only when input arrives (better cpu usage).
    }

    glfwDestroyWindow(ctx.window);
    glfwTerminate();
    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}